Sir George Herbert Walter (1928-2008) was a pivotal figure in the political and social development of Antigua and Barbuda, serving as the nation's second Premier and leaving a lasting legacy through his work in the trade union movement. His life was dedicated to championing the rights of workers and advocating for the country's complete independence.
Early Life and Varied Career
Born on September 8, 1928, in St. John's, Antigua, George Walter was the son of Norris and Marietta Walter. After graduating from the Antigua Grammar School in 1948, he embarked on a diverse career path that showcased his versatility and entrepreneurial spirit. He initially managed his father's estate before building his own boat to ferry passengers between Antigua and the Virgin Islands. He also worked as a fisherman. This period of his life provided him with a deep understanding of the everyday struggles of ordinary Antiguans and Barbudans.
Rise in Trade Unionism and Politics
Walter's formal entry into the political and labor scene began when he was asked to temporarily edit the "Workers Voice," the newspaper of the Antigua Trades & Labor Union (AT&LU). He had already been a vocal commentator on the country's issues, writing under the pseudonym "Point Man."
His passion for workers' rights led him to become a prominent figure in the trade union movement. He founded the Antigua Workers' Union (AWU) and, in 1968, co-founded the Progressive Labour Movement (PLM) as a breakaway faction from the Antigua Labour Party-affiliated AT&LU. This move was a significant step in creating a more diverse and competitive political landscape in the country.
Premiership and Key Policies
In 1971, George Walter led the PLM to a historic victory in the general elections, defeating the long-serving Vere Bird to become the second Premier of Antigua and Barbuda. His premiership, which lasted until 1976, was marked by a strong focus on social and labor reforms.
During his tenure, his government enacted several landmark pieces of legislation, including:
The Social Security Act: This established a social safety net for the citizens of Antigua and Barbuda.
The Labour Code: A comprehensive set of laws that protected workers' rights and was subsequently adopted by many other Caribbean nations.
The Representation of the People's Act: This aimed to ensure fairer and more transparent elections.
His administration was also responsible for the establishment of the Antigua & Barbuda Development Bank. A staunch advocate for full independence, Walter's government opposed the British proposal of an island federation.
Later Career and Legacy
After being defeated in the 1976 elections, Walter served as the Leader of the Opposition. His post-premiership years were not without controversy. He was imprisoned on corruption charges that were later overturned on appeal. In 1982, he formed the United People's Movement (UPM), but after failing to win a seat in the 1984 elections and the subsequent merger of the UPM, he withdrew from active politics.
Sir George Herbert Walter passed away on March 4, 2008, in St. John's. In recognition of his immense contributions to the nation, he was posthumously made a Knight of the Order of the National Hero (KNH), becoming the country's fifth national hero. His life and career are remembered for his unwavering commitment to the empowerment of the working class and his pivotal role in shaping the modern political and social fabric of Antigua and Barbuda. He was married to Lady Hyacinth Walter, and they had four children.
